• Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is one of the

  2025-03-01

  

  Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most difficult cancers to treat, and it threatens human health severely [1]. Although various interventions, including surgical operation, radiofrequency ablation, and chemotherapy, have been endorsed, the prognosis of HCC patients remains p

• Enhancers are short regions of

  2025-03-01

  

  Enhancers are short regions of DNA that are bound by DNA-binding proteins (TFs) to increase the likelihood of a particular gene to be expressed. Importantly, enhancers can be identified, and classified, by their patterns of chromatin accessibility and of enrichment in certain histone modifications.

• We conclude that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits extract posse

  2025-03-01

  

  We conclude that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits extract possess antiplasmodial activity and the results of this study justifies and confirms the traditional usage of this plant as malarial remedy. Acknowledgement Introduction The phylum apicomplexa comprises of nearly 5000 species, most of whi

• In addition to differential expression of AR protein primari

  2025-03-01

  

  In addition to differential expression of AR protein primarily in surgical specimens, genetic alterations involving the AR gene have been documented in human gtpase cancer. Loss of heterozygosity at the AR locus was identified in all 3 informative cases of muscle-invasive bladder tumors, whereas, i

• The specific mechanisms underlying glutamine dependency are

  2025-03-01

  

  The specific mechanisms underlying glutamine dependency are still being explored, and current research indicates that the mechanisms likely vary between breast cancer subtypes. In HER2-positive breast cancer, increased levels of the transcriptional activator PGC-1α lead to expression of genes that m

• Another possible scenario is that the same pathologic proces

  2025-03-01

  

  Another possible scenario is that the same pathologic process has different effects in different people. It might be that the pathway outlined in Fig. 6A is operative in some individuals, but other individuals have a factor Q (which could be genetic or environmental) that blocks the effect of A on T

• Cells have developed strategies aiming

  2025-03-01

  

  Cells have developed strategies aiming to enhance both the efficiency of proteins with chaperone activity as well as their overall antioxidant capacity to maintain proteostasis under oxidative stress conditions (Miyata et al., 2012). For instance, 2-Cys peroxiredoxin is an abundantly expressed, anti

• br Acknowledgement This work was supported by

  2025-03-01

  

  Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant (SDG) to A. Elmarakby and 1R01EY023315-01 award to M. Al-Shabrawey. Introduction Inflammatory response is the result of a complex interaction between immune Bryostatin 1 and sever

• Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer relate

  2025-02-28

  

  Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men in the United States [25]. Similar to pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer has few diagnostic options available, particularly to differentiate indolent from aggressive disease. Axl is also overexpressed in ∼50% of prostate canc

• The earliest appearance of tumors occurred at

  2025-02-28

  

  The earliest appearance of tumors occurred at 12 months and the latest at 24 months, with an average onset at 18 months (Fig. 1B). This would be roughly equivalent to cancer presenting in a patient between 60 and 70 years of age. In transgenic animals, autotaxin GX-674 was relatively increased in s

• Crohn s disease an inflammatory bowel disease

  2025-02-28

  

  Crohn’s disease, an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is characterized by a polymorphism in ULK1 autophagy gene due to the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Thus, the autophagic process is impaired during the disease. The mutations in the leuc

• br Oxidative microbe killing and V ATPase Oxidative killing

  2025-02-28

  

  Oxidative microbe killing and V-ATPase Oxidative killing of phagocytosed microorganisms is predominately achieved through the uptake of large quantities of molecular oxygen by the infected cell and the activity particularly of the NADPH oxidase complex on phagosomes (Savina et al., 2006) and the

• The interaction of ATR ATRIP with

  2025-02-28

  

  The interaction of ATR-ATRIP with RPA-coated ssDNA is sufficient for ATR-ATRIP recruitment to DNA lesions, but it is not sufficient to fully activate ATR. In response to DNA damage, the heterotrimeric ring-shaped complex 9-1-1 (RAD9-RAD1-HUS1 in humans; Ddc1-Rad17-Mec3 in S. cerevisiae) is loaded at

• In this study we first determined whether AIF

  2025-02-28

  

  In this study, we first determined whether AIF in bovine LT muscle is expressed and the mitochondria released AIF-mediated apoptosis during postmortem aging. For apoptotic issues, the mitochondrial outer membrane is permeabilized, and AIF translocates to the cytosol and to the nucleus, where it indu

• Obesity is associated with chronic low grade inflammation re

  2025-02-28

  

  Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade 5-BrdU resulting from increased M1 macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, which can subsequently lead to the development of insulin resistance. Previously, we reported that LFE and FSB both reduced body weight gain in high fat diet-induced obese mic

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